The Digester

12-year study finds childhood trauma does not determine adult wellbeing

Mar 9th 2026

UNSW researchers followed 1,600+ Australian twins for 12 years and found that while childhood adversity raises risk, it does not lock people into poor adult wellbeing, with many showing long-term resilience and lower health risks.

  • A 12-year TWIN-10 study of more than 1,600 Australian twins tracked mental wellbeing at four points from 2009 to 2024 using the COMPAS-W scale.
  • Researchers measured 17 types of adverse childhood experiences and found nearly 900 participants reported ACEs.
  • Two thirds of people with ACEs maintained moderate to high wellbeing into adulthood while more than 85% of those without ACEs stayed in the higher wellbeing group.
  • An ACE-resilient subgroup had a 74% lower chance of developing a psychiatric illness than low-resilience peers and showed reduced risks of obesity, migraines, sleep problems and alcohol abuse.
  • Resilient participants reported stronger social support, better relationships, higher life satisfaction and more positive coping strategies.
  • Authors say the findings support measuring and promoting mental wellbeing in schools and clinics and call for research into the genetic, environmental and psychological drivers of resilience.

Sources

unsw.edu.au