The Digester

El Mencho's Killing Triggers Violence and Exposes Flawed Strategy

Feb 28th 2026

The Feb 22 killing of Jalisco cartel leader Nemesio "El Mencho" Oseguera Cervantes set off nationwide unrest and a Puerto Vallarta prison breakout. Mexico's long reliance on targeting cartel bosses has repeatedly produced replacements and more violence while problems like impunity and youth unemployment remain unresolved.

  • El Mencho was killed by security forces on Feb 22, prompting blockades, arson and a prison break in Puerto Vallarta.
  • Mexico ranks third on the Global Organized Crime Index out of 193 countries.
  • Since 2006 authorities have focused on arresting or killing cartel leaders, producing high profile captures but not dismantling organisations.
  • Leader arrests and killings often produce replacements and violent turf wars, as after El Chapo's 2016 arrest.
  • Impunity remains extreme, with estimates near 95% and only 16% of criminal investigations resolved in 2022.
  • High youth unemployment, widespread informal work and poverty fuel cartel recruitment while government plans for apprenticeships and expanded university places face limits amid 1% GDP growth.